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Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.
Other
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, also known as Octinoxate, is a potent organic UV-B filter used in sunscreens and dermatological products to protect the skin from solar radiation and prevent photoaging.
Name
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate
Raw Name
ETHYLHEXYL METHOXYCINNAMATE
Category
Other
Drug Count
24
Variant Count
24
Last Verified
February 17, 2026
About Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, also known as Octinoxate, is a potent organic UV-B filter used in sunscreens and dermatological products to protect the skin from solar radiation and prevent photoaging.
Detailed information about Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate
This page is for informational purposes only and does not replace medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any medication containing Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate.
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (also commonly referred to as Octyl Methoxycinnamate or Octinoxate) is a clear, liquid, oil-soluble organic compound that serves as one of the most widely utilized UV-B filters in the world. Chemically, it is an ester formed from methoxycinnamic acid and 2-ethylhexanol. Within the pharmacological landscape of dermatology, Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate belongs to the class of organic (chemical) sunscreens. Its primary function is the absorption of ultraviolet radiation in the UV-B range (280–320 nm), which is the spectrum of light most responsible for causing erythema (sunburn) and contributing to the development of non-melanoma skin cancers.
According to the FDA-approved OTC Sunscreen Monograph (21 CFR 352), Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is recognized as a safe and effective (GRASE) active ingredient when used in concentrations up to 7.5% in the United States. In the European Union and other international jurisdictions, the maximum allowable concentration is often higher, typically capped at 10%. The drug's history dates back several decades, becoming a staple in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations due to its excellent solubility in oils and its ability to provide a smooth, non-greasy skin feel compared to inorganic filters like zinc oxide.
At the molecular level, Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate functions through the process of electronic excitation. When the molecule is struck by UV-B photons, the electrons within the conjugated double-bond system of the cinnamate structure absorb the energy. This absorption causes the molecule to transition from its ground state to an electronically excited state. As the molecule returns to its ground state, it dissipates the absorbed energy as harmless lower-energy infrared radiation (heat).
This mechanism is fundamentally different from physical sunscreens (like titanium dioxide), which primarily reflect and scatter light. By absorbing the high-energy UV-B rays before they can penetrate the deeper layers of the epidermis, Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate prevents the direct DNA damage and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that lead to cellular mutations and inflammation. It is important to note that while it is highly effective against UV-B, it offers minimal protection against UV-A radiation (320–400 nm), which is why it is almost always formulated in combination with UV-A filters like Avobenzone or Zinc Oxide to provide 'broad-spectrum' protection.
While Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is applied topically, a small but measurable percentage can undergo percutaneous (through the skin) absorption.
The primary clinical indications for Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate include:
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is never administered orally or via injection. It is available in various topical formulations, including:
> Important: Only your healthcare provider can determine if Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is right for your specific condition, especially if you have a history of skin sensitivity or are using other dermatological prescriptions.
For effective photoprotection, Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate must be applied in sufficient quantities. The standard clinical dose, used in SPF testing, is 2 milligrams per square centimeter (2 mg/cm²) of skin. For an average adult, this equates to approximately:
Most commercial formulations contain between 2% and 7.5% Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate. It is vital to use the product as directed on the 'Drug Facts' label, typically applying it 15 to 30 minutes before sun exposure to allow the film to set on the skin.
No dosage adjustment is required for topical application in patients with kidney disease, as systemic absorption is minimal. However, patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) may have compromised skin barriers and should monitor for localized irritation.
No specific adjustments are necessary for hepatic impairment. The liver's role in processing the small amount of absorbed Octinoxate is not considered clinically significant in standard use cases.
Elderly patients often have thinner (atrophic) skin. While no dose adjustment is needed, these patients should be monitored for increased sensitivity or allergic contact dermatitis, which is more common in aging skin.
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is for external use only. To ensure maximum efficacy and safety:
If you forget to apply Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate before going outdoors, apply it as soon as you remember. However, be aware that the skin may have already sustained UV damage. A missed dose in a sun protection regimen simply increases the risk of sunburn; it does not require 'doubling up' on the next application.
Systemic overdose from topical application is virtually impossible under normal conditions. However, accidental ingestion (especially by children) can occur.
> Important: Follow your healthcare provider's dosing instructions. Do not adjust your dose or application frequency without medical guidance, particularly if using this for a medical condition like lupus.
While Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is generally well-tolerated, some users may experience mild localized reactions. These are typically not systemic and resolve once the product is washed off.
> Warning: Stop using products containing Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate and call your doctor immediately if you experience any of these symptoms of a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis):
The long-term safety of Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate has been a subject of significant dermatological debate.
There are currently no FDA black box warnings for Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate. It is regulated as an Over-the-Counter (OTC) drug and is generally considered safe for the general population when used as directed.
Report any unusual symptoms or persistent skin changes to your healthcare provider. If you develop a new mole or a sore that does not heal, consult a dermatologist, as this may be unrelated to the sunscreen use and require biopsy.
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is intended for topical use only. It should never be applied to deep puncture wounds, serious burns, or animal bites without consulting a physician. Users should be aware that no sunscreen provides 100% protection from UV radiation; therefore, complementary measures such as wearing protective clothing and seeking shade during peak sun hours (10 AM to 4 PM) are essential.
No FDA black box warnings for Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate.
For the average consumer, no specific laboratory monitoring (like blood counts or liver panels) is required. However, for patients using high concentrations of Octinoxate as part of a medically supervised regimen for conditions like Melasma or Vitiligo:
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate does not cross the blood-brain barrier in significant amounts and has no known effect on the central nervous system. It is safe to drive or operate machinery after application.
There are no known direct interactions between topical Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate and alcohol consumption. However, alcohol can cause vasodilation (widening of blood vessels), which might exacerbate the feeling of 'flushing' or heat if the skin is already irritated by the sun or the product.
There is no withdrawal syndrome associated with stopping Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate. However, sudden discontinuation without replacing it with another form of UV protection will immediately increase the patient's risk of UV-induced DNA damage and sunburn.
> Important: Discuss all your medical conditions, especially any history of skin cancer or chronic skin diseases, with your healthcare provider before starting a new regimen containing Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate.
There are no known systemic drugs that are strictly contraindicated with the topical use of Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate. However, in the context of formulation chemistry:
There are no documented interactions between Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate and food, including grapefruit or dairy. Because the drug is not ingested, the cytochrome P450 system in the gut and liver is not engaged in a way that would affect food metabolism.
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate does not typically interfere with standard blood or urine laboratory tests. However, because it absorbs UV light, it could theoretically interfere with certain specialized dermatological tests, such as 'Minimal Erythema Dose' (MED) testing or photopatch testing, if not thoroughly washed off the skin surface prior to the procedure.
> Important: Tell your doctor about ALL medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking, especially those that increase sun sensitivity (like tetracycline antibiotics or thiazide diuretics).
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate must NEVER be used in the following circumstances:
Conditions requiring careful risk-benefit analysis by a healthcare provider:
Patients allergic to Balsam of Peru may show cross-sensitivity to Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate. Balsam of Peru contains various cinnamates and benzoates; therefore, a reaction to one often predicts a reaction to the other. Similarly, those sensitive to fragrance mixes in cosmetics should exercise caution.
> Important: Your healthcare provider will evaluate your complete medical history and skin type before recommending a specific sunscreen formulation.
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is classified by many researchers as a potential 'endocrine-disrupting chemical' (EDC). In animal models, high systemic doses have been linked to alterations in thyroid function and reproductive organ development. While human data is limited and topical absorption is low, the compound has been detected in human placental tissue and umbilical cord blood.
Most dermatological societies, including the ACOG, suggest that while using sunscreen is better than not using it (to prevent melasma and skin cancer), pregnant individuals who are concerned about systemic absorption may prefer to use mineral sunscreens (Zinc Oxide or Titanium Dioxide) which are not absorbed into the bloodstream.
Studies have confirmed that Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate can pass into human breast milk. The clinical significance of this for the nursing infant is currently unknown. To minimize risk, breastfeeding mothers should avoid applying products containing Octinoxate directly to the breast or nipple area to prevent the infant from accidental oral ingestion during feeding.
As previously noted, Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is not approved for use in infants under 6 months. For older children, it is widely used and considered safe. However, children have a higher surface-area-to-volume ratio, which means they may absorb more of the chemical per pound of body weight than adults. Parents should monitor for signs of skin irritation and prioritize 'baby' formulations which are often free of additional irritating fragrances.
In the elderly, the skin's ability to repair itself and its natural barrier function are often diminished. There is no evidence that Octinoxate is more toxic in the elderly, but the risk of 'irritant contact dermatitis' is higher. Furthermore, elderly patients are more likely to be on medications that cause photosensitivity (like amiodarone or certain diuretics), making the consistent use of a high-quality UV filter like Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate clinically vital.
There is no evidence that topical Octinoxate poses a risk to patients with renal impairment. Because the amount that reaches systemic circulation is negligible, the kidneys are not significantly burdened by its excretion. No dose adjustment is required.
In patients with severe liver disease (Child-Pugh Class C), the metabolism of absorbed cinnamates might theoretically be slowed. However, given the very low levels of systemic absorption from topical use, this is not considered a clinical concern. No specific precautions are necessary beyond standard skin care.
> Important: Special populations, particularly pregnant women and parents of young children, should discuss sunscreen choices with their primary care provider to ensure the safest possible protection strategy.
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is a chemical UV filter that functions as a chromophore. Its molecular structure contains a conjugated system of pi-electrons associated with the aromatic ring and the carbonyl group. When UV-B radiation (280-320 nm) hits the molecule, the energy of the photons matches the energy gap required to move an electron from the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) to the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO). This 'excitation' effectively traps the UV energy. The molecule then undergoes 'internal conversion,' a non-radiative process where the electronic energy is converted into vibrational energy (heat) and released as the molecule returns to its stable ground state.
The efficacy of Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is dose-dependent up to its maximum solubility in a formulation. It provides a 'peak' absorption at approximately 310 nm. Unlike some newer filters, Octinoxate is somewhat photolabile, meaning it can lose about 10-20% of its absorptive capacity after long periods of intense UV exposure, which is why reapplication is clinically necessary. It does not have any known systemic pharmacodynamic effects at the low concentrations found in human plasma following topical use.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Bioavailability | <1% to 2% (Topical) |
| Protein Binding | Highly bound to albumin (systemic) |
| Half-life | ~7-14 hours (Systemic elimination) |
| Tmax | 2-6 hours (Peak plasma concentration after application) |
| Metabolism | Hepatic/Skin Esterases (Hydrolysis) |
| Excretion | Renal (Primary) |
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is classified as an Organic UV-B Filter and a Cinnamate Derivative. It is frequently grouped with other chemical filters like Octocrylene and Ethylhexyl Salicylate. Within the FDA's therapeutic framework, it is categorized as an OTC Sunscreen Active Ingredient.
Medications containing this ingredient
Amarte Ultra Veil Bb Natural
Pure Velocity Sunscreen Spf 50
Sunscreen Spf50
Pure Velocity Sunscreen Spf30
Amarte Ultra Veil Bb Fair
Amarte Ultra Veil Bb Tan
Amarte Ultra Veil Daily
Salmon Colored Sunscreen
Absolut Skin Spf 50 Moisturizing Sunscreen
Predire Paris Skin Shield Protector Mineral Defense Cream
Murasaki Beauty Silicence Scar Gel Spf 30
Pure Velocity Tallow Sunscreen Spf 50
+ 1 more drugs
Common questions about Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, also known as Octinoxate, is primarily used as an active ingredient in sunscreens and various skincare products to protect the skin from UV-B radiation. Its main purpose is to prevent sunburn and reduce the long-term risk of skin cancer and premature skin aging caused by the sun. It works by absorbing harmful ultraviolet rays and converting them into heat, which is then released from the skin. Because it is an oil-soluble liquid, it is often favored by manufacturers for creating sunscreens that feel smooth and are easy to apply. You will commonly find it in daily moisturizers, foundations, and lip balms that offer SPF protection.
The most common side effects of Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate are localized skin reactions, such as mild stinging, redness, or a temporary feeling of skin tightness. Some individuals may develop contact dermatitis, which is an itchy red rash that appears specifically where the product was applied. Because it is an oil-based ingredient, it can also contribute to clogged pores or acne breakouts in people with very oily skin. Eye irritation is another frequent issue if the product runs into the eyes through sweat or swimming. Most of these side effects are minor and disappear once the product is washed off the skin.
There is no known direct interaction between the topical application of Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate and the consumption of alcohol. Since the sunscreen is applied to the skin and very little is absorbed into the bloodstream, alcohol does not interfere with how the drug works. However, alcohol consumption can cause your skin's blood vessels to dilate, which might make your skin feel warmer or more sensitive if you are already spending time in the sun. It is always important to stay hydrated with water while outdoors, as alcohol can contribute to dehydration and heat-related illnesses. If you experience a skin rash, alcohol might temporarily make the itching or redness feel more intense.
The safety of Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate during pregnancy is a topic of ongoing research and some debate among experts. While there is no definitive evidence that it causes birth defects in humans, some animal studies have suggested it could have mild hormone-disrupting effects. Because small amounts can be absorbed through the skin and detected in the body, some doctors recommend that pregnant women use 'physical' sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide instead. These mineral alternatives are not absorbed into the bloodstream and are generally considered the safest option during pregnancy. However, protecting your skin from the sun is still vital, so you should discuss the best sunscreen choice for your specific needs with your obstetrician.
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate begins working as soon as it is applied to the skin, but it requires about 15 to 20 minutes to form a consistent, protective film. This is why most healthcare providers and product labels recommend applying sunscreen at least 15 minutes before you step outdoors. If you go into direct sunlight immediately after application, the product may not be evenly distributed, leaving parts of your skin vulnerable to burning. Additionally, the 'work time' of the ingredient is limited; it breaks down as it absorbs UV rays. Therefore, even though it starts working quickly, it must be reapplied every two hours to maintain its protective effect.
Yes, you can stop using Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate at any time without experiencing any withdrawal symptoms or physical 'rebound' effects. Unlike some prescription medications, your body does not become dependent on this chemical filter. However, the moment you stop applying it, your skin loses its chemical defense against UV-B radiation. If you stop using it while continuing to spend time in the sun, you will immediately be at a higher risk for sunburn, DNA damage, and long-term skin aging. If you decide to stop using Octinoxate due to a skin allergy, you should immediately switch to a different form of sun protection, such as a mineral-based sunscreen or protective clothing.
If you forget to apply Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate before going outside, you should apply it as soon as you realize the mistake. A 'missed dose' in this context simply means your skin was unprotected for a period of time, increasing your risk of sun damage. You do not need to apply extra product to make up for the time you were unprotected; just apply the standard recommended amount. If you have already developed a sunburn because you forgot the application, do not apply more chemical sunscreen to the burned area, as this could cause further irritation. Instead, seek shade, stay hydrated, and consult a doctor if the burn is severe or blistering.
There is no clinical evidence to suggest that Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate causes weight gain in humans. Weight gain is typically a systemic side effect associated with oral medications that affect metabolism, appetite, or fluid retention, such as steroids or certain antidepressants. Because Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is applied topically and only trace amounts enter the systemic circulation, it does not have the capacity to alter your body weight. While some laboratory studies have looked at its potential as an endocrine disruptor, these effects have not translated to metabolic changes like weight gain in human users. If you are experiencing unexplained weight gain, you should consult your doctor to look for other underlying causes.
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is generally safe to use alongside most oral medications. However, if you are taking medications that increase your sensitivity to the sun (photosensitizers)—such as certain antibiotics (tetracyclines), diuretics, or acne medications (isotretinoin)—you must be extra diligent about your sunscreen application. When it comes to other topical products, you should be careful when using Octinoxate with Avobenzone, as they can make each other less effective unless the formula is specially stabilized. It is also wise to wait a few minutes between applying a medicated skin cream and your sunscreen to ensure both are properly absorbed. Always inform your dermatologist about all the skin products and medications you are currently using.
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is the chemical name of the active ingredient, and it is available in hundreds of different 'generic' and brand-name sunscreen products. In the United States, it is often listed on drug labels by its USP name, Octinoxate. You do not need a prescription to buy products containing this ingredient, as it is sold over-the-counter in pharmacies, grocery stores, and cosmetic shops. Because it is a standard industry ingredient, the 'generic' or store-brand versions of sunscreen containing Octinoxate are required by the FDA to meet the same safety and SPF efficacy standards as the expensive name-brand versions. You can check the 'Active Ingredients' section of the Drug Facts label to see if it is included.