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Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.
Non-Standardized Food Allergenic Extract [EPC]
Sulfur is a naturally occurring element primarily used in clinical practice as a keratolytic agent for skin conditions like acne and seborrheic dermatitis. It is also classified as a Non-Standardized Food Allergenic Extract [EPC] for specific diagnostic or therapeutic immunological applications.
Name
Sulfur
Raw Name
SULFUR
Category
Non-Standardized Food Allergenic Extract [EPC]
Drug Count
601
Variant Count
726
Last Verified
February 17, 2026
RxCUI
1098781, 247683, 244368, 999604, 1005834, 422938, 1001714, 198869, 1053330, 2665285, 2636729, 315220, 999613, 1005856, 1494169, 1494825, 1494173, 199632, 1000895, 1291231, 2599924, 209990, 312793, 248410, 1793760, 313148, 1494174, 1005767, 1046894, 1738574, 2690882, 247682, 1494824, 1010234, 240725, 1995471, 245607, 1115894, 313147, 1005835, 283392, 1094323, 2605592, 417863, 1000731, 1006105, 212397, 2177191, 1547634, 1494170, 1494827, 204638, 210177, 247817, 1494826, 1000736, 2273805, 2286294, 1000946, 1000976, 2708845
UNII
70FD1KFU70, S4255P4G5M, 0I2XIN602U, 91GQH8I5F7, E1UOL152H7, 24H4NWX5CO, 27YLU75U4W, ETJ7Z6XBU4, O3B55K4YKI, 02F3473H9O, J41CSQ7QDS, SK47B8698T, 00J9J9XKDE, 8M4L3H2ZVZ, 42Z2K6ZL8P, 4NRT660KJQ, Q28R5GF371, 0WW6D218XJ, BM2U42PAKI, J86L1GUL6K, 451W47IQ8X, 2P3VWU3H10, M6936L953C, DL6OZ476V3, 01G9XEA93N, C5H0QJ6V7F, FMT95051CQ, 94ZLA3W45F, W8N8R55022, K73E24S6X9, S6G2NLH4Y7, 66LZN1C747, Z7RM5NBH36, 7JM57I419K, 8XEJ88V2T8, DD5FO1WKFU, 4TI98Z838E, 3ASP8Q3768, 2DI9HA706A, 4QQN74LH4O, QQF931PRWK, WI4X0X7BPJ, DK7PL4F3TT, 95067D43FQ, X67Z2963PI, 2E32821G6I, 11E6VI8VEG, B7862WZ632, 459AG36T1B, 4G7DS2Q64Y, 72Y2RW62KO, N9288CD508, 7H443NUB2T, QDL83WN8C2, NQX9KB6PCL, 398IYQ16YV, S7YTV04R8O, 3XMK78S47O, FGL3685T2X, 324Y4038G2, 0T0DQN8786, S7V92P67HO, 52B1340190, 57L1Z5378K, 3POA0Q644U, HF539G9L3Q, 269XH13919, 9W34L2CQ9A, C9642I91WL, 492225Q21H, I76KB35JEV, 5405K23S50, 8L70Q75FXE, 4A10JR4E7E, XF417D3PSL, 30KYC7MIAI, 6P669D8HQ8, 396421SP9F, K0U68Q2TXA, G6W4F0V8Z3, YKH834O4BH, 3KX376GY7L, 51FI676N6F, AVT680JB39, C88X29Y479, 55G8SQ543S, 25X51I8RD4, J17GBZ5VGX, 333DO1RDJY, 2KBE35NE8S, L0PFEMQ1DT, M572600E5P, 0B4FDL9I6P, EJ27X76M46, AF73293C2R, U0NQ8555JD, E0399OZS9N, A4VZ22K1WT, F9S9FFU82N, I9I120531L, 19F5HK2737, 56X6LID5ZY, 1EP6R5562J, 95IT3W8JZE, 7GL3G1COB3, ID3Z1X61WY, 118OYG6W3H, 6IO182RP7A, SSZ9HQT61Z, 5L51B4DR1G, 05KB30NGW2, T7J046YI2B, 2T6D2HPX7Q, VSW71SS07I, 1WZA4Y92EX, KHI40967MV, 1NM3M2487K, 387GMG9FH5, Q40Q9N063P, 73Y7P0K73Y, PQ6CK8PD0R, L7A49804ZQ, 4G174V5051, 1MBW07J51Q, 0UV74P3R0J, K848JZ4886, 88XHZ13131, VQ922CRY87, 817L1N4CKP, VZ3U1H7Q5B, 0U46U6E8UK, 8ID597Z82X, 8E272251DI, 68Y4CF58BV, TLM2976OFR, 6CA025Y4FG, POD38AIF08, AB6MNQ6J6L, QQ67504PXO, O80TY208ZW, 5S29HWU6QB, M9VVZ08EKQ, 6G53L8ESRK, KPS1B1162N, 73ECW5WG2F, C8CV8867O8, 1NT28V9397, MLT3645I99, SBV4XY874G, 4R7X1O2820, 883WKN7W8X, VB06AV5US8, 514B9K0L10, Z4B6561488, S72O3284MS, R5I1HK0UBL, 4632WW1X5A, 3C18L6RJAZ, RGL5YE86CZ, 9679TC07X4, 06LU7C9H1V, 47E5O17Y3R, 6EC706HI7F, LZB7TFX1LT, Y3V16D4PV4, VP2CN2G7Y8, N6R0856Z79, 33A7VYU29L, 92AMN5J79Y, TB08NIC03W, 91D9GV0Z28, X2N6E405GV, 5A3Y60049Z, 639KR60Q1Q, 4WRK2153H3, PMY5J4Z7LS, R9HH0NDE2E, CYK5P89K8X, PS2DCE2WVF, M7T6H7D4IF, 877L01IZ0P, WYT05213GE, 93371T1BXP, V5VD430YW9, 922OP8YUPF, 79Y1949PYO, ZW3Z11D0JV, 2H1576D5WG, 0YPR65R21J, 6RV024OAUQ, 6GLA1946WX, 9P2U39H18W, 96WE91N25T, 19FUJ2C58T, 9FN79X2M3F, N94C2U587S, X3AOK514E6, 1TH8Q20J0U, Q59QU6N72Q, O2630F3XDR, 411VRN1TV4, YFH4WC535J, Q1RGP4UB73, 1C4QK22F9J, 2H03479QVR, 3JYG22FD73, 597E9BI3Z3, 279O8I0433, 7E889U5RNN, 28M1820ACT, 32MP823R8S, C0ZK0RRF5X, 6NAF1689IO, XK4IUX8MNB, HT3R7C012Q, L6L8KA2AA0, IHN2NQ5OF9, DIF093I037, 7S82P3R43Z, VZJ9F3C3SB, 4D7G21HDBC, DQV54Y5H3U, 01800C6E6B, T7S323PKJS, IQV54TN60Y, 86M454L2TT, 3Q034RO3BT, FXS1BY2PGL, BQN1B9B9HA, 41CN475O7F, 7M867G6T1U, 4N9P6CC1DX, 1C89KKC04E, OSD78555ZM, 39981FM375, 3OM8I6L7CD, 706IDJ14B7, CG6IX3GCMU, F79059A38U, V0551986XQ, 5EF0HWI5WU, 8LTY55LQ8D, 3G6A5W338E, 00UK7646FG, S003A158SB, B71UA545DE, 24HBF856C8, V1V998DC17, C5529G5JPQ, 2788Z9758H, 62I3C8233L, X43D4L3DQC, 85HKB87105, J2B2A4N98G, K2A74U428F, 79M2M2UDA9, AEE24M3MQ9, 2S713A4VP3, FST467XS7D, 978D8U419H, M0KG633D4F, 0243Q4990L, 0FMD6WV47M, 2A8I57T4MX, C151H8M554, 4K7Z7K7SWG, A7FYY9Q742, 0HK2GZK66E, 00543AP1JV, IDB0NAZ6AI, 46G3W789Q3, G0R4UBI2ZZ, 3E271BSI0C, AEQ8NXJ0MB, LMI26O6933, WQZ3G9PF0H, YHA2XLJ956, U364V64HUN, 1314JZ2X6W, T4423S18FM, 97C5T2UQ7J, 993QHL78E6, G728143D8Q, CJV9E9IIOA, 53Y84VPS2W, 6YR2608RSU, 1AKM860CX4, 32IT7G8BAW, 6Y582I290C, 36K54AW5KX, 4FLT4T3WUN, 2HU33I03UY, 18E7415PXQ, AJU5O1A5ZV, 9NS3M2Y78S, CLF5YFS11O, 0KD7R09EAS, QNS6W5US1Z, IWY3IWX2G8, 6268MFA917, 3029988O2T, N4LEE4Z93J, 857C5Q4J3H, CW657OBU4N, Q4EWM09M3O, JWF5YAW3QW, R0519OZO3K, Q21UUL2105, 6D74QW4H67, 789U1901C5, 00XI8W60QF, 6ZAE7X688J, 24K790T39B, 2FXJ6SW4PK, 8R564U2E1P, L11K75P92J, 1G1EAA320L, T1UDV7ES1A, E4GA8884NN, A49OS0F91S, 812R0W1I3K, 41LZ22DD4N, Y9O4JH3X21, 67P4WI780Z, XH0F4IP2RX, JQE470FAD0, O40UQP6WCF, 2I1RTO1MBR, 1DP6Y6B65Z, LOK3I16O7G, 54S68520I4, 08X0K2M57P, 0A04Z76C13, 76TK29UQEZ, 23H32AOH17, 39M11XPH03, 9BZG9E3I8F, IY191986AO, 36XQ854NWW, 3M4G523W1G, 91MBZ8H3QO, 01VNU8ZSO0, MU72812GK0, 45P3261C7T, 0LVY784C09, KF7Z0E0Q2B, 4SV59689SK, 7SCP4N87CI, QI7G114Y98, 1W0775VX6E, 51BRR32WPP, CZD6M4PY4B, G72JA9DHK5, 2NVP93XVQ3, 8EKI9QEE2H, 0B24UR1O1S, FQ3DRG0N5K, 7FT6QUT299, CI71S98N1Z, JC9WZ4FK68, 660YQ98I10, LC1V549NOM, 9Q24RAI43V, OO7ZBU9703, 55H0W83JO5, 4GB5DQR532, K3ALM8S49H, RN2HC612GY, 9R858U917W, U6WSN5SQ1Z, D1JT611TNE, 8N6VTJ9IWV, 856YO1Z64F, H8FJJ6KX5Y, M89N0Q7EQR, 37CQ2C7X93, JL5DK93RCL, W2469WNO6U, W6J1279A6K, U946SH95EE, P483J7GX6D, 34C49NV47P, TBV2PPG6EF, H2198F8ZNA, 92RU3N3Y1O, H35KS68EE7, 4JS0838828, RBF5ZU7R7K, OF5471ZHRR, N712M78A8G, ET3651ZLOU, 8558G7RUTR, B6A98VOI9I, 535787266D, 56K0VVT47P, 9PP1T3TC5U, 3SW678MX72, 039G4OZ3G2, D6G49OV9IM, 0K2L2IJ59O, 339NCG44TV, X7BCI5P86H, GKN429M9VS, 710FLW4U46, 6PRJ93602P, CUQ3A77YXI, IV92NQJ73U, 41YPU4MMCA, 25B1Y14T8N, QHH4HVF5QE, F1T8QT9U8B, ZZ4AG7L7VM, G59M7S0WS3, 7114SV0MYK, MO892VI77K, U4B223LS4X, 53GH7MZT1R, O021JGR97X, DJO934BRBD, ZXE7LB03WC, MA9CQJ3F7F, D9PC510CQV, 05S7L91ZTR, 7D3VB244UX, 917J3173FT, J61BY05EGY, 4H5RSU087I, 3IXW0F6P8W, B10M69172N, I57ERU2601, 1564HD0N96, EYO007VX98, 532BCG080L, TWH5125Q6F, 604NK4250S, 151F45R21P, 9CQ6C00G3C, 7IIH57D9E0, 5KQR6FTT0D, Q7MU1F4GLY, 21W82Q764G, QU52J3A5B3, CT03BSA18U, AHW6F0T2X0, 91QY4PXU8Q, J10PD1AQ0N, 9I4XB1GP2B, T6VR38UJ9I, Z5BEX9K2G1, ZI0T668SF1, 6T6CO7R3Z5, KL498O6790, G39P120JQT, S546YLW6E6, R0EM8D5HFD, 29SUH5R3HU, D5T403TNGE, 092IJ99835, V68E0X60VL, LJ2LP0YL98, D1YM0P5Z2T, R03O05RB0P, 5K1UO2888Y, CPD4NFA903, 9IT35J3UV3, 24GP945V5T, OW5102UV6N, N9E3X5056Q, 00BH33GNGH, SY7Q814VUP, 30K4522N6T, 1KSV9V4Y4I, Q32ZN48698, 0R0008Q3JB, 3G0H8C9362, 1D4N45714Q, 77B218D3YE, 444W947O8O, Q80VPU408O, S2D77IH61R, AU0V1LM3JT, CH46OC8YV4, X71938L1DO, W1XX32SQN1, 7YNJ3PO35Z, 045A6V3VFX, 44448S9773, 2P299V784P, 5H0DOZ21UJ, I38ZP9992A, 81AH48963U, 2I87U3734A, 05175J654G, N762921K75, 2E7M255OPY, 5TWQ1V240M, 49DFR088MY, RWP5GA015D, NKN7EZA750, DMK383DSAC, MLT4718TJW, 7UI0TKC3U5, 42OD65L39F, YUJ4U1EW7R, H6241UJ22B, Z4152N8IUI, 9NEZ333N27, YZS2RPE8LE, 6424HBN274, NQA0O090ZJ, 06SSF7P179, 60YU5MIG9W, MNQ4O4WSI1, 58784XQC3Y, C6V6S92N3C, VH659J61ZL, RI2K1BMA8B, 01G73H6H83, 8KFK4W7KP7, 55DGS3F5YG, 5HOC10FSIC, 83AL37E3A7, 190Q9MB3U3, 00GG7UT6PL, 0YIW783RG1, CE3G3J56LR, 4162LZ0N4O, Y882YXF34X, 95OX15I8ZU, M4I0D6VV5M, CUI83R2732, 4PP86KK527, 53D441QVT8, E934B3V59H, 9VU1KI44GP, WKC4T7680A, 4VBP01X99F, 42QO5P0NLM, 1VL8J38ERO, AK7JF626KX, 70WT22SF4B, XKC1657P78, D52957JQ8M, 10464S0TAA, 3BA2N709NG, C9TD27U172, YUL4LO94HK, S9Y4B22U2E, S71T8B8Z6P, 654825W09Z, 2ZK6ZS8392, 1Y17CTI5SR, Q3H36W0J42, 9Y3J3362RY, 820LSF646I, 3V057702FY, MJ95C3OH47, 453COF7817, NC1P15G4KZ, EL5GJ3U77E, E8S87O660T, 01Q9PC255D, OJ17O2WTSM, GO1N1ZPR3B, 723JX6CXY5, BR1SN1JS2W, 91532S02AO, 40GMI0R60L, 94J255A0UC, P6J2SFT80O, 7B69B0BD62, 030MS0JBDO, R16CO5Y76E, XV74C1N1AE, T42NAD2KHC, TRY8UD4E2H, IFY5PE3ZRW, PHA4727WTP, I2XCB174VB, WUW1665V10, U1W3U02EW0, Y0F0BU8RDU, 4EE983392U, 81FZ7X4MWD, C998R1XSRA, TA501QD69R, DUP6W562BM, 03T60V100Y, T0920P9Z9A, 3G7U72W8DA, 57X4TSH58S, SAA04E81UX, QTT17582CB, 0E5AT8T16U, 7TPC058OWY, DTN01M69SN, 3EM4VW6TQN, 0296055VE0, V529EJB2CX, WD5E5VYM2E, B93BQX9789, VEH9U90EHX, 7IFM8431X3, 9N1RM2S62C, 1PIP394IID, BT6U234YR2, JDS6958QAG, GHJ5XX5SGS, N20HL7Q941, 6TU4EY6UNW, AU5C98U4BB, 7J6DBS5FRN, 49OY13BE7Z, DM64K844DM, QR44N9XPJQ, 6SZ0G98BHM, RU45X2JN0Z, 1OV56052IK, 9928MC12VO, K93UPA2CNQ, 46PYZ1F82M, L63DD62R8R, JYZ6110L9I, D9108TZ9KG, 7K91ZBK8GJ, Y1MLS7E68X, M2O62YTN42, 065C5D077J, H2ZEY72PME, 5UAU16Z1U4, 8138AB7E8Y, AD84R52XLF, 11B89M58UN, 6H7JQ0XD0D, 93IXI5B6OJ, JC71GJ1F3L, 1364PS73AF, J64922108F, 6W864D0X3X, U14A832J8D, D4BGE91OXH, 3T8H1794QW, C11E72455F, DO80M48B6O, 7V31YC746X, DFC2HB4I0K, 284SYP0193, 2WTB3V159F, OP0UW79H66, CHJ98J84AY, MQD255M2ZO, T75W9911L6, HW54500A89, 6ZJ8N1924Z, XBP5X7E70R, 9X8XFD5ZQX, 6OM09RPY36, HKD62G79N5, 3E698BL84C, JG9V5H8412, 4ZWP7FWI8W, 85I1Z426OV, 12SEC09GR1, 3B8D35Y7S4, Y62M9GTW4A, 4F3W47PLBE, 4B18YVW82N, 79N6542N18, GM6P02J2DX, H192N84N1G, R88254608W, W0X9457M59, KZM8ZRY36A, FM5526K07A, 86Q357L16B, SOI2LOH54Z, O414PZ4LPZ, 6J43Y8MXF0, FACIFOJ3Z7, EQR32Y7H0M, 0057VRD75N, MN0RX54EQA, U015TT5I8H, GNR9HML8BA, 1C6V77QF41, 26SK597UWV, LRX7AJ16DT, R5L488RY0Q, 6I3K30563S, R17X820ROL, 9YY2F980SV, AYT3H319PN, 7OV03QG267, 99QP4ELX96, OC4598NZEQ, 93722E7JA1, 948QAQ08I1, 4OC371KSTK, BK9092J5MP, T66CZ53RP4, UTX536WN6N, 8UHN1I06UP, 1TI1O9028K, 6DC9Q167V3, 368GB5141J, 5HK03SA80J, YMW1K70E4Q, 175F461W10, J41552QKAK, 4T81LB52R0, V003SHB7VK, S7PW24BX20, 7EA48700V9, 12H3K5QKN9, 577VA5B4HP, QBR70R4FBK, 3C3Y389JBU, 900961Z8VR, A4KL1HMZ7T, 0C5WAA83X5, SMR633LHTC, 5PWM7YLI7R, N0Y68724R3, 0N8672707O, 4110YT348C, 6O38V6B52O, TJR6B3R47P, Z6J799EAJK, 60RO23IR87, 0R4AQI398X, 7Y1255HVXR, Y3T98X3AL6, L7HT8F1ZOD, R9N3379M4Z, 4J2I0SN84Y, A195V20H7A, 8W75VCV53Q, 00072J7XWS, 7YHU292INY, 8RKC5ATI4P, V9306CXO6G, N7QBR4212V, 8617Z5FMF6, 39R4TAN1VT, 8P8HWT6ZWC, 0E53J927NA, A47JP5ZG9M, 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About Sulfur
Sulfur is a naturally occurring element primarily used in clinical practice as a keratolytic agent for skin conditions like acne and seborrheic dermatitis. It is also classified as a Non-Standardized Food Allergenic Extract [EPC] for specific diagnostic or therapeutic immunological applications.
Detailed information about Sulfur
This page is for informational purposes only and does not replace medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any medication containing Sulfur.
Sulfur is a chemical element (S) that has been utilized for medicinal purposes for centuries. In modern pharmacology, it is primarily categorized as a keratolytic agent (a substance that promotes the softening and shedding of the outer layer of skin). According to the FDA-approved OTC monographs, Sulfur is recognized for its efficacy in treating acne, dandruff, and seborrheic dermatitis. Additionally, it is classified under the Non-Standardized Food Allergenic Extract [EPC] class, reflecting its use in specialized immunological contexts.
Historically, Sulfur was one of the first antimicrobial agents used before the advent of modern antibiotics. While its use has evolved, it remains a cornerstone in dermatological formulations due to its multi-factorial action against skin pathogens and inflammatory conditions. Healthcare providers may prescribe Sulfur in various concentrations, often ranging from 1% to 10%, depending on the severity of the condition and the patient's skin sensitivity.
At the molecular level, Sulfur's primary mechanism of action is its interaction with keratinocytes (skin cells). When applied topically, Sulfur reacts with cysteine (an amino acid) within the skin to form hydrogen sulfide. This reaction promotes keratolysis, which helps to break down the 'glue' holding dead skin cells together, thereby preventing the clogging of pores (comedogenesis).
Furthermore, Sulfur exhibits mild antibacterial and antifungal properties. It inhibits the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, the bacteria primarily responsible for acne, and Malassezia species, which are associated with seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff. In its role as an allergenic extract, Sulfur is used by specialists to evaluate or manage specific sensitivities, though this use is less common than its topical applications.
Sulfur is FDA-approved for several dermatological indications, including:
Sulfur is available in several topical formulations, including:
> Important: Only your healthcare provider can determine if Sulfur is right for your specific condition.
For most dermatological conditions, the following dosage ranges are common:
Sulfur is generally considered safe for pediatric use when used as directed. For scabies in infants, a 2% to 6% Sulfur ointment is often preferred. However, parents should consult a pediatrician before applying Sulfur products to children under the age of 2, as their skin is more permeable and prone to irritation.
No dosage adjustment is typically required for topical Sulfur due to minimal systemic absorption. However, caution is advised if applying to large areas of broken skin in patients with severe renal disease.
No specific adjustments are documented for hepatic impairment with topical use.
Elderly patients may have thinner, more sensitive skin. Healthcare providers often recommend starting with lower concentrations or less frequent applications to monitor for irritation.
Sulfur is for external use only.
If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular schedule. Do not double the amount to catch up.
Topical overdose typically results in severe skin irritation, redness, and peeling. If Sulfur is accidentally swallowed, contact a Poison Control Center immediately. Symptoms of ingestion may include gastrointestinal distress.
> Important: Follow your healthcare provider's dosing instructions. Do not adjust your dose without medical guidance.
Most patients tolerate Sulfur well, but the following local reactions are common:
> Warning: Stop taking Sulfur and call your doctor immediately if you experience any of these.
Prolonged use of high-concentration Sulfur products may lead to chronic skin dryness or a compromised skin barrier. It is generally recommended to use Sulfur only for the duration prescribed by a healthcare provider to avoid secondary skin irritation.
No FDA black box warnings for Sulfur. It is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for its intended topical uses when used according to labeling instructions.
Report any unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider.
Sulfur is for topical use only. It must never be ingested or used in the eyes. If contact with eyes occurs, rinse thoroughly with water for 15 minutes.
No FDA black box warnings for Sulfur.
Routine lab tests are not typically required for patients using topical Sulfur. However, healthcare providers may monitor the skin's response to therapy to ensure the concentration is appropriate and that the skin barrier remains intact.
Topical Sulfur has no known effect on the ability to drive or operate heavy machinery.
There are no known direct interactions between topical Sulfur and alcohol consumption. However, alcohol can dehydrate the skin, potentially worsening the dryness caused by Sulfur.
Sulfur can be discontinued abruptly without withdrawal symptoms. However, if treating a condition like scabies, premature discontinuation may lead to a relapse of the infestation.
> Important: Discuss all your medical conditions with your healthcare provider before starting Sulfur.
There are no absolute drug-drug contraindications for topical Sulfur. However, it should not be used on the same area of skin simultaneously with other potent keratolytic agents unless directed by a physician.
There are no documented interactions between topical Sulfur and specific foods. Since systemic absorption is minimal, dietary restrictions are generally unnecessary.
There are no well-documented interactions between topical Sulfur and herbal supplements. However, patients using topical tea tree oil or other herbal skin treatments should be aware of the increased potential for skin sensitization.
Topical Sulfur is not known to interfere with standard blood or urine laboratory tests.
> Important: Tell your doctor about ALL medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking.
Sulfur must NEVER be used in the following circumstances:
While elemental Sulfur is chemically distinct from sulfonamide antibiotics ('sulfa drugs'), patients who have experienced severe reactions to sulfonamides should inform their doctor, as they may have a higher general sensitivity to topical agents.
> Important: Your healthcare provider will evaluate your complete medical history before prescribing Sulfur.
Sulfur is generally classified as Pregnancy Category C. While there is no evidence of teratogenicity (birth defects) with topical Sulfur, large-scale controlled studies in pregnant women are lacking. It is often used to treat scabies in pregnancy when other treatments are deemed riskier, but it should only be used if clearly needed and under medical supervision.
It is unknown if topically applied Sulfur is excreted in human milk. However, because systemic absorption is minimal, the risk to the nursing infant is considered low. Care should be taken to ensure the infant does not come into direct contact with treated skin (e.g., on the breasts).
Sulfur is approved for use in children for conditions like acne and scabies. However, infants are at a higher risk for skin irritation and potential systemic absorption. Clinical guidelines suggest using lower concentrations (2-6%) for pediatric scabies treatment.
Clinical studies of Sulfur did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine if they respond differently than younger subjects. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of skin sensitivity.
While topical absorption is low, patients with end-stage renal disease should avoid applying Sulfur to large surface areas to prevent any potential accumulation of inorganic sulfates.
No specific precautions are required for patients with hepatic impairment using topical Sulfur formulations.
> Important: Special populations require individualized medical assessment.
Sulfur's therapeutic effect is primarily attributed to its keratolytic activity. When applied to the skin, Sulfur interacts with cysteine within the stratum corneum (the outermost layer of skin). This reaction produces hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which breaks down keratin. By dissolving the keratin, Sulfur facilitates the shedding of dead skin cells and prevents the formation of comedones (clogged pores). Additionally, Sulfur possesses direct inhibitory effects on the respiration of certain fungi and bacteria.
The onset of Sulfur's keratolytic effect is typically observed within 24 to 48 hours of application. Its antimicrobial effect is concentration-dependent. Sulfur does not typically induce pharmacological tolerance, meaning it remains effective over long-term use for chronic conditions like seborrheic dermatitis.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Bioavailability | <1% (Topical) |
| Protein Binding | Negligible |
| Half-life | Not applicable (Topical) |
| Tmax | Not applicable |
| Metabolism | Hepatic (to inorganic sulfate) |
| Excretion | Renal (as sulfate) |
Sulfur is classified as a Keratolytic Agent and a Non-Standardized Food Allergenic Extract [EPC]. It is often grouped with other acne treatments like benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid.
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Common questions about Sulfur
Sulfur is primarily used in dermatology to treat various skin conditions including acne vulgaris, seborrheic dermatitis, dandruff, and rosacea. It works as a keratolytic agent, meaning it helps to soften and shed dead skin cells that can clog pores and lead to breakouts. Additionally, Sulfur has mild antibacterial and antifungal properties that help reduce the population of skin pathogens. It is also an effective treatment for scabies, particularly in sensitive populations like infants or pregnant women. Your healthcare provider may recommend it as a standalone treatment or in combination with other topical medications.
The most common side effects of topical Sulfur include skin dryness, redness, and mild irritation at the site of application. Because Sulfur is a keratolytic, it is designed to peel the skin, which can sometimes lead to excessive flaking if used too frequently. Another very common 'side effect' is the distinct sulfurous odor, often compared to rotten eggs, which can linger on the skin or clothing. Most of these effects are mild and can be managed by reducing the frequency of application. If you experience severe burning or blistering, you should stop use and consult your doctor.
There are no known direct contraindications between drinking alcohol and using topical Sulfur. Because Sulfur is applied to the skin and very little is absorbed into the bloodstream, it does not interact with alcohol in the way many oral medications do. However, alcohol consumption can lead to systemic dehydration, which may make your skin more sensitive and worsen the dryness caused by Sulfur. For the best results in treating skin conditions, maintaining proper hydration is recommended. Always discuss your lifestyle habits with your healthcare provider when starting a new treatment.
Sulfur is generally considered one of the safer topical options during pregnancy and is often categorized as Pregnancy Category C. It has a long history of use for treating conditions like scabies in pregnant women when other systemic or more toxic topical treatments are avoided. Because very little Sulfur is absorbed through the skin, the risk to the developing fetus is thought to be minimal. However, because high-quality clinical trials in pregnant women are limited, it should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider. Your doctor will weigh the benefits of treatment against any potential risks.
The time it takes for Sulfur to show results depends on the condition being treated. For acne, you may begin to see an improvement in skin texture and a reduction in inflammation within 1 to 2 weeks of consistent use. For conditions like dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis, improvement in scaling and itching is often noticed after just a few applications of a Sulfur-based shampoo or soap. Scabies treatment is more immediate, usually requiring a 3-to-5-day application cycle to kill the mites. If your condition does not improve after several weeks of use, consult your healthcare provider for a re-evaluation.
Yes, you can generally stop using topical Sulfur suddenly without experiencing withdrawal symptoms or physical 'rebound' effects. However, if you are using Sulfur to manage a chronic condition like acne or seborrheic dermatitis, stopping treatment may result in the return of your symptoms. For acute infections like scabies, it is vital to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed to ensure the infestation is completely eradicated. If you find the medication too irritating, talk to your doctor about tapering your use or switching to a lower concentration rather than stopping abruptly. Your healthcare provider can help you develop a long-term maintenance plan.
If you miss a dose of Sulfur, apply it as soon as you remember. However, if it is nearly time for your next scheduled application, it is better to skip the missed dose and continue with your regular routine. You should not apply extra Sulfur or 'double up' to make up for a missed application, as this significantly increases the risk of skin irritation and excessive peeling. Consistency is key for treating dermatological conditions, so try to use the product at the same time each day. If you frequently miss doses, consider setting a reminder on your phone.
There is no clinical evidence to suggest that topical Sulfur causes weight gain. Because Sulfur is applied to the skin and has negligible systemic absorption, it does not affect the metabolic processes or hormonal balances that typically lead to changes in body weight. Weight gain is a side effect more commonly associated with systemic medications like oral corticosteroids or certain antidepressants. If you experience unexpected weight gain while using Sulfur, it is likely due to other factors or medications. You should discuss any significant changes in your weight with your healthcare provider.
Sulfur can be used alongside many other medications, but caution is required when combining it with other topical skin treatments. Using Sulfur at the same time as other drying or peeling agents, such as benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or tretinoin, can lead to severe skin irritation and a compromised skin barrier. It is often recommended to space these treatments out—for example, using one in the morning and the other in the evening. You should also avoid using Sulfur on the same area as products containing mercury, as this can cause a foul odor and skin staining. Always provide your doctor with a full list of your current medications.
Yes, Sulfur is widely available as a generic medication and is also a common ingredient in many over-the-counter (OTC) skin care products. Generic Sulfur preparations are typically much more affordable than brand-name dermatological treatments and are equally effective when they contain the same concentration of the active ingredient. You can find Sulfur in various forms, including soaps, ointments, and lotions, at most pharmacies. When purchasing an OTC product, check the 'Drug Facts' label to ensure the Sulfur concentration is appropriate for your needs. Your healthcare provider can recommend a specific brand or generic version that is right for you.