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Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.
Brand Name
5-htp Phenolic
Generic Name
5-hydroxytryptophan
Active Ingredient
OxitriptanCategory
Amino Acid [EPC]
Variants
1
Different strengths and dosage forms
| Strength | Form | Route | NDC |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 [hp_X]/mL | LIQUID | ORAL | 44911-0264 |
Detailed information about 5-htp Phenolic
References used for this content
This page is for informational purposes only and does not replace medical advice. Before using any prescription or over-the-counter medication for 5-htp Phenolic, you must consult a qualified healthcare professional.
Oxitriptan, also known as 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), is a naturally occurring aromatic amino acid and chemical precursor that serves as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of serotonin.
Dosage for Oxitriptan varies significantly based on the condition being treated and individual patient response. Healthcare providers typically recommend a 'start low and go slow' approach to minimize gastrointestinal distress.
Oxitriptan is not routinely recommended for pediatric use unless specifically directed by a specialist, such as a pediatric neurologist or psychiatrist. In rare cases of tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency or specific forms of myoclonus, weight-based dosing (e.g., 1–5 mg/kg/day) may be used. Safety and efficacy in children have not been established through large-scale clinical trials.
Because the metabolites of Oxitriptan are excreted renally, patients with significant kidney disease (GFR < 30 mL/min) should use Oxitriptan with caution. While specific dose adjustment guidelines are not standardized, a lower starting dose and frequent monitoring of renal function are advised.
The liver is a site of peripheral decarboxylation for Oxitriptan. In patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C), the clearance of the drug may be altered. Healthcare providers may need to adjust the frequency of dosing to prevent accumulation.
Geriatric patients may be more sensitive to the serotonergic effects of Oxitriptan. There is an increased risk of confusion or serotonin-related side effects in this population. It is generally recommended to start at the lowest possible dose (e.g., 25 mg or 50 mg once daily) and monitor for changes in mental status.
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular schedule. Do not 'double up' or take two doses at once to make up for a missed one, as this increases the risk of acute serotonin toxicity.
Signs of Oxitriptan overdose may include severe nausea, vomiting, rapid heartbeat (tachycardia), dilated pupils, agitation, and muscle rigidity. In extreme cases, overdose can lead to Serotonin Syndrome, a life-threatening condition. If an overdose is suspected, contact your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention immediately. Treatment is primarily supportive, focusing on hydration and monitoring of vital signs.
> Important: Follow your healthcare provider's dosing instructions. Do not adjust your dose without medical guidance.
The most frequently reported side effects of Oxitriptan are gastrointestinal in nature. These occur because serotonin receptors (specifically 5-HT3 and 5-HT4) are highly concentrated in the gut.
> Warning: Stop taking Oxitriptan and call your doctor immediately if you experience any of these.
With prolonged use, some patients may develop 'serotonin syndrome-light' or a gradual desensitization of serotonin receptors. There is also a theoretical risk of depleting other neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and norepinephrine, because Oxitriptan and dopamine precursors (like L-Dopa) compete for the same decarboxylase enzyme. Long-term users should be monitored for signs of apathy or decreased motivation.
No FDA black box warnings currently exist for Oxitriptan. However, the FDA requires a general warning for all antidepressants regarding the increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in children, adolescents, and young adults (up to age 24). While Oxitriptan is often sold as a supplement, healthcare providers apply the same clinical caution as they would for prescription antidepressants.
Report any unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider.
Oxitriptan is a potent pharmacological agent that directly alters brain chemistry. It should not be viewed as 'just a supplement.' Patients must inform their healthcare providers of all pre-existing medical conditions, particularly those involving the heart, liver, or mental health. Sudden changes in mood or behavior should be reported immediately to a medical professional.
No FDA black box warnings for Oxitriptan. However, clinical guidelines suggest that any agent increasing serotonin levels carries a theoretical risk of increasing suicidal ideation in vulnerable populations during the initial weeks of therapy.
For patients on long-term or high-dose Oxitriptan therapy, healthcare providers may recommend the following monitoring:
Oxitriptan may cause significant drowsiness or dizziness in some users. Until you know how Oxitriptan affects you, do not drive, operate heavy machinery, or engage in hazardous activities. This effect is often magnified if Oxitriptan is combined with alcohol or other sedatives.
Alcohol should be avoided or strictly limited while taking Oxitriptan. Alcohol can increase the sedative effects of the drug and may also interfere with serotonin metabolism, potentially leading to unpredictable mood swings or increased side effects.
Do not stop taking Oxitriptan abruptly if you have been taking it for an extended period. While it is not considered addictive, a sudden drop in serotonin levels can lead to 'discontinuation syndrome,' characterized by irritability, dizziness, sensory disturbances (like 'brain zaps'), and a return of depressive symptoms. A gradual taper over 1 to 2 weeks is recommended under medical supervision.
> Important: Discuss all your medical conditions with your healthcare provider before starting Oxitriptan.
Oxitriptan can significantly increase urinary levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA). This is the same marker used to diagnose carcinoid tumors. If you are undergoing a 24-hour urine test for 5-HIAA, you must inform your doctor and likely discontinue Oxitriptan for several days prior to the test to avoid a false-positive result.
> Important: Tell your doctor about ALL medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking.
There is a potential for cross-sensitivity among different sources of 5-HTP. If a patient reacts to a synthetic version, they may also react to the Griffonia-derived version. Furthermore, patients sensitive to L-tryptophan should exercise extreme caution when starting Oxitriptan.
> Important: Your healthcare provider will evaluate your complete medical history before prescribing Oxitriptan.
Oxitriptan is currently classified as Category C (by historical FDA standards) or 'Safety Not Established.' There are no adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Animal studies have shown that serotonin plays a crucial role in fetal brain development, and altering these levels exogenously could have unknown long-term neurodevelopmental consequences. Oxitriptan should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is especially advised to avoid use during the first trimester when organogenesis (organ formation) is occurring.
It is unknown whether Oxitriptan is excreted in human milk. However, because of its low molecular weight and lack of protein binding, it is highly likely to pass into breast milk. Increased serotonin levels in a nursing infant could theoretically lead to irritability, poor feeding, or sleep disturbances. Breastfeeding mothers should consult with a pediatrician before using Oxitriptan, and many providers recommend alternative treatments with better-established safety profiles.
Oxitriptan is not FDA-approved for use in children. While it has been used off-label for specific neurological conditions (like myoclonus or ADHD), the lack of long-term safety data regarding its effect on the developing endocrine and nervous systems makes it a second- or third-line option. If used, it must be under the strict guidance of a pediatric specialist.
In patients over age 65, the risk of polypharmacy (taking multiple medications) is high, increasing the likelihood of drug interactions. Additionally, age-related declines in renal and hepatic function can lead to higher plasma concentrations of Oxitriptan. Elderly patients are also more susceptible to the 'serotonin syndrome' and may experience confusion or falls. Doses should be initiated at the lowest end of the spectrum.
In patients with moderate renal impairment (CrCl 30-60 mL/min), no specific dose adjustment is mandated, but clinical monitoring is required. In severe impairment (CrCl < 30 mL/min), Oxitriptan should be avoided if possible, as the primary metabolite (5-HIAA) is cleared by the kidneys.
Since the liver is involved in the peripheral metabolism of Oxitriptan, patients with cirrhosis or hepatitis may experience higher levels of systemic serotonin. This can increase the risk of gastrointestinal and cardiovascular side effects. Dose reductions of 50% are often suggested for patients with significant liver dysfunction.
> Important: Special populations require individualized medical assessment.
Oxitriptan (5-HTP) is the immediate precursor to 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Its pharmacological effect is mediated through the increase of serotonin synthesis in the central nervous system. Unlike tryptophan, Oxitriptan does not require the rate-limiting enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase. It is decarboxylated to serotonin by the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD). By increasing the 'substrate' available for serotonin production, Oxitriptan boosts the firing rate of serotonergic neurons in the raphe nuclei of the brainstem, which project to the cortex, limbic system, and spinal cord.
The pharmacodynamic effects of Oxitriptan include mood elevation, reduction in pain sensitivity, and induction of sleep. The onset of action for sleep may be within 30-60 minutes, while the antidepressant effects typically require 2 to 4 weeks of consistent dosing to allow for downstream changes in receptor sensitivity (such as the downregulation of 5-HT1A receptors).
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Bioavailability | ~70% |
| Protein Binding | Negligible |
| Half-life | 2.2 - 7.4 hours |
| Tmax | 1.5 - 2.0 hours |
| Metabolism | Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase |
| Excretion | Renal (primarily as 5-HIAA) |
Oxitriptan is classified as an Aromatic Amino Acid [EPC] and a Serotonin Precursor. It is chemically related to L-tryptophan and melatonin. Within the therapeutic hierarchy, it is considered an 'atypical' antidepressant or a 'nutraceutical' depending on the regulatory jurisdiction.
Common questions about 5-htp Phenolic
Oxitriptan, also known as 5-HTP, is primarily used to support mood and treat symptoms of depression by increasing serotonin levels in the brain. It is also commonly utilized for the management of fibromyalgia, where it may help reduce pain and morning stiffness. Some healthcare providers recommend it for migraine prevention and chronic tension headaches. Additionally, because serotonin is a precursor to melatonin, Oxitriptan is frequently used as a sleep aid to treat insomnia. In rare clinical settings, it is used for neurological conditions like post-anoxic myoclonus or cerebellar ataxia.
The most common side effects of Oxitriptan are gastrointestinal, including nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, and diarrhea. These symptoms occur because the body converts some of the Oxitriptan into serotonin in the gut, which can overstimulate the digestive system. Many patients also report feeling drowsy or experiencing very vivid dreams. To minimize these effects, it is often recommended to start with a low dose and take the medication with food. Most mild side effects tend to resolve within a few days to a week as the body adapts to the higher serotonin levels.
It is generally advised to avoid or significantly limit alcohol consumption while taking Oxitriptan. Alcohol can increase the sedative effects of the medication, leading to excessive drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired coordination. Furthermore, alcohol can interfere with the way the brain processes serotonin, which may worsen the underlying condition being treated, such as depression or anxiety. Combining the two can also increase the risk of unpredictable mood changes. Always consult your doctor about your alcohol intake before starting a serotonergic agent.
The safety of Oxitriptan during pregnancy has not been established through rigorous clinical trials. Because it directly affects serotonin levels—a neurotransmitter vital for fetal brain development—there is a theoretical risk of developmental issues. Most medical guidelines suggest avoiding Oxitriptan during pregnancy unless a physician determines the benefits outweigh the potential risks. There is also insufficient data regarding its safety during breastfeeding, as it likely passes into breast milk. Pregnant or nursing women should always seek professional medical advice before taking this or any other supplement.
The time it takes for Oxitriptan to work depends on the condition being treated. For sleep issues, many people notice an effect within 30 to 60 minutes of taking a dose. However, for mood disorders like depression or for chronic pain conditions like fibromyalgia, it typically takes 2 to 4 weeks of consistent use to see significant improvement. This delay occurs because the brain needs time to adjust its receptor sensitivity in response to the increased serotonin. It is important to continue taking the medication as directed even if you do not feel immediate results.
You should not stop taking Oxitriptan suddenly if you have been using it for more than a few weeks. Abruptly discontinuing a serotonin precursor can lead to a 'discontinuation syndrome,' which may include symptoms like dizziness, irritability, anxiety, and 'brain zaps' (sensory disturbances). It can also cause a rapid return of the symptoms you were originally treating, such as low mood or insomnia. A healthcare provider can help you create a tapering schedule to slowly reduce your dose over one or two weeks. This gradual reduction allows your brain chemistry to stabilize safely.
If you miss a dose of Oxitriptan, you should take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, it is best to skip the missed dose entirely and return to your regular routine. You should never take two doses at the same time to 'catch up,' as this significantly increases the risk of side effects like severe nausea or serotonin toxicity. Keeping your doses consistent is key to maintaining stable serotonin levels in your system. If you find yourself frequently forgetting doses, consider using a pill organizer or a reminder app.
Oxitriptan is generally not associated with weight gain; in fact, it is more commonly associated with weight loss or appetite suppression. Serotonin plays a major role in satiety (the feeling of fullness), and by increasing serotonin, Oxitriptan can reduce cravings, especially for carbohydrates. Some clinical studies have even investigated 5-HTP as a support for weight management in obese individuals. However, every individual reacts differently, and any significant change in weight while taking the medication should be discussed with a healthcare provider. It is not intended to be used as a primary weight-loss drug.
Oxitriptan has many significant drug interactions, particularly with other medications that affect serotonin. It should never be taken with MAOIs and should be used with extreme caution alongside SSRIs, SNRIs, or certain pain medications like tramadol. Combining these can lead to Serotonin Syndrome, which is a life-threatening medical emergency. It can also interact with carbidopa, a medication for Parkinson's disease. Because of these risks, it is critical to provide your doctor or pharmacist with a complete list of all medications and supplements you are currently taking.
Oxitriptan is widely available as a generic supplement under the name 5-HTP. In countries where it is regulated as a prescription drug, it may be sold under various brand names like Levothym, Telesol, or Tript-OH. Generic versions are typically much more affordable and contain the same active ingredient derived from *Griffonia simplicifolia*. When purchasing generic supplements, it is important to choose a reputable manufacturer that follows Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to ensure the purity and potency of the product. Always check the label for any added fillers or allergens.