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Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate
Brand Name
Aurum Muriaticum Natronum
Generic Name
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate
Active Ingredient
Sodium TetrachloroaurateCategory
Standardized Insect Venom Allergenic Extract [EPC]
Variants
1
Different strengths and dosage forms
| Strength | Form | Route | NDC |
|---|---|---|---|
| 200 [kp_C]/200[kp_C] | PELLET | ORAL | 0220-0646 |
Detailed information about Aurum Muriaticum Natronum
This page is for informational purposes only and does not replace medical advice. Before using any prescription or over-the-counter medication for Aurum Muriaticum Natronum, you must consult a qualified healthcare professional.
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate is a specialized compound utilized primarily as a standardized allergenic extract and an adrenergic agonist. It plays a critical role in diagnostic immunology and autonomic nervous system regulation.
The dosage of Sodium Tetrachloroaurate must be highly individualized, particularly when used as an allergenic extract or an adrenergic agent.
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate is not universally approved for pediatric use. When used in children (typically aged 6 and older for allergy testing):
Because gold is primarily excreted by the kidneys, patients with a Creatinine Clearance (CrCl) below 60 mL/min require a dose reduction of 25-50%. It is contraindicated in patients with severe renal failure or nephrotic syndrome.
No specific dose adjustments are typically required for hepatic impairment, as the drug does not undergo significant hepatic metabolism. However, patients with jaundice or hepatic cirrhosis should be monitored for secondary coagulopathies.
Geriatric patients should start at the lowest possible dose. This population is more sensitive to the adrenergic effects of the drug, which can precipitate cardiac arrhythmias or hypertensive crises.
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate is almost exclusively administered by a healthcare professional in a clinical setting.
If a dose in an immunotherapy schedule is missed:
Consult your allergist immediately if a dose is missed.
Signs of Sodium Tetrachloroaurate overdose include:
> Important: Follow your healthcare provider's dosing instructions exactly. Do not attempt to self-administer this medication unless specifically trained and authorized by your physician.
Patients receiving Sodium Tetrachloroaurate frequently experience localized reactions, particularly when used for diagnostic or immunotherapeutic purposes. These include:
> Warning: Stop taking Sodium Tetrachloroaurate and call your doctor immediately or seek emergency care if you experience any of the following:
Prolonged use of Sodium Tetrachloroaurate can lead to cumulative gold toxicity. The most significant long-term risk is nephrotoxicity (kidney damage), which can progress to permanent renal failure if not detected early. Additionally, long-term adrenergic stimulation can lead to left ventricular hypertrophy (thickening of the heart muscle) or chronic hypertension. Regular monitoring of blood counts and kidney function is mandatory for any patient on long-term therapy.
No FDA black box warnings currently exist for Sodium Tetrachloroaurate. However, it carries significant class warnings regarding the risk of severe anaphylaxis common to all standardized allergenic extracts. Healthcare providers must be prepared to treat systemic allergic reactions, including the use of epinephrine, whenever this drug is administered.
Report any unusual symptoms or changes in your health to your healthcare provider immediately. Early detection of side effects is critical to preventing long-term complications.
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate is a potent pharmacological agent that must only be used under the direct supervision of a specialist (e.g., an allergist, immunologist, or clinical pharmacologist). The primary risks involve systemic allergic reactions and cumulative heavy metal toxicity. Patients must be screened for pre-existing gold sensitivity and cardiovascular stability before the first dose is administered.
As of 2026, there are no FDA black box warnings for Sodium Tetrachloroaurate. However, it is subject to the general requirements for Allergenic Extracts, which mandate that the drug be administered in a facility equipped with emergency resuscitative equipment, including oxygen, intravenous fluids, and vasopressors.
There is a constant risk of systemic anaphylaxis with every dose of Sodium Tetrachloroaurate. This risk is higher during the 'build-up' phase of immunotherapy or if the patient is currently experiencing an asthma flare. Patients should remain in the clinic for at least 30 to 60 minutes after each injection.
Gold salts are known to cause glomerular injury. Sodium Tetrachloroaurate can cause membranous glomerulonephritis. Patients with a history of kidney disease must be monitored with monthly urinalysis to check for proteinuria.
Serious blood dyscrasias, including leukopenia (low white blood cells) and aplastic anemia, have been reported with gold compounds. Baseline and periodic Complete Blood Counts (CBC) are required.
Due to its alpha and beta-adrenergic agonist properties, Sodium Tetrachloroaurate can cause significant increases in blood pressure and heart rate. It should be used with extreme caution in patients with coronary artery disease, uncontrolled hypertension, or a history of stroke.
To ensure safety, the following tests are typically required during treatment:
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate may cause dizziness, tremors, or palpitations shortly after administration. Patients should avoid driving or operating heavy machinery for at least 2 hours following an injection or until they are certain they are not experiencing an adverse reaction.
Alcohol should be avoided on the day of treatment. Alcohol can cause vasodilation, which may increase the rate of absorption of the drug and potentially worsen an allergic or adrenergic reaction.
If Sodium Tetrachloroaurate is discontinued after long-term use, there is no specific 'withdrawal syndrome.' However, the therapeutic benefits for allergy desensitization may be lost. If the drug is stopped due to toxicity (e.g., kidney or blood issues), it should never be restarted.
> Important: Discuss all your medical conditions, especially heart or kidney problems, with your healthcare provider before starting Sodium Tetrachloroaurate.
Most interactions with Sodium Tetrachloroaurate occur via pharmacodynamic pathways (overlapping effects on the heart or immune system) rather than pharmacokinetic pathways (CYP enzymes). The gold component primarily interacts through cumulative organ toxicity, while the adrenergic component interacts through receptor competition or synergy.
> Important: Tell your doctor about ALL medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking, including over-the-counter allergy or cold medicines.
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate must NEVER be used in the following circumstances:
Healthcare providers will perform a careful risk-benefit analysis in patients with:
Patients who are allergic to other precious metals (such as platinum or palladium) may exhibit cross-sensitivity to Sodium Tetrachloroaurate. Furthermore, patients with known hypersensitivity to bee or wasp venom must be treated with extreme caution, as this drug is often used as a standardized extract for these very allergens.
> Important: Your healthcare provider will evaluate your complete medical history, including any past reactions to jewelry or dental work, before prescribing Sodium Tetrachloroaurate.
FDA Pregnancy Category C. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of Sodium Tetrachloroaurate in pregnant women. Animal reproduction studies have shown that gold salts can be teratogenic (causing birth defects), particularly affecting the skeletal and renal systems.
Gold ions are excreted into human breast milk. While the amount absorbed by the infant is small, there is a theoretical risk of gold-induced rashes or kidney issues in the nursing child. Breastfeeding is generally not recommended while receiving regular doses of Sodium Tetrachloroaurate. If used, the infant should be monitored for skin changes and proper weight gain.
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate is not recommended for children under the age of 6. In older children, it is used primarily for diagnostic testing. Pediatric patients are at a higher risk for systemic reactions and must be monitored more closely than adults. Long-term effects on growth and development have not been established.
Patients over age 65 are more likely to have underlying cardiovascular and renal disease.
While gold is not processed by the liver, patients with severe hepatic disease may have decreased albumin levels. Since gold binds to albumin, low levels can lead to higher concentrations of 'free' (unbound) gold, which is more toxic. Dose adjustments should be based on serum albumin levels.
> Important: Special populations require individualized medical assessment and more frequent laboratory monitoring.
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate functions through two distinct pathways:
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Bioavailability | 90-100% (Subcutaneous) |
| Protein Binding | 95% (Primarily Albumin) |
| Half-life | 7 to 30 days (Terminal) |
| Tmax | 2 to 6 hours |
| Metabolism | Non-enzymatic dissociation |
| Excretion | Renal 70%, Fecal 30% |
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate is classified as a Standardized Allergenic Extract and a Sympathomimetic Amine. It is related to other gold salts like Sodium Aurothiomalate, but is distinct due to its chloride ligands and specific adrenergic MoA profile.
Common questions about Aurum Muriaticum Natronum
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate is primarily used in specialized medical settings for two main purposes: diagnostic allergy testing and allergen immunotherapy. As a standardized extract, it helps doctors identify if a patient is allergic to gold or specific insect venoms that share similar protein structures. Additionally, because it acts as an adrenergic agonist, it can be used to support the autonomic nervous system in specific clinical scenarios. It is most commonly seen in the form of a skin patch test to diagnose contact dermatitis from dental work or jewelry. Your doctor will determine the specific use based on your immunological profile.
The most frequent side effects are localized to the area where the drug was administered, such as redness, itching, and swelling at the injection or patch site. Many patients also report a temporary metallic taste in their mouth shortly after receiving the medication. Because it stimulates the 'fight or flight' nervous system, you might also feel jittery, experience a fast heartbeat, or have a mild headache. These symptoms are usually short-lived and resolve without treatment. However, any rash that spreads beyond the injection site should be reported to your doctor immediately.
It is strongly advised to avoid alcohol on the days you receive Sodium Tetrachloroaurate. Alcohol can cause your blood vessels to widen (vasodilation), which might speed up the absorption of the drug and increase the risk of a systemic allergic reaction or a sudden spike in blood pressure. Furthermore, alcohol can mask the early warning signs of an adverse reaction, such as dizziness or flushing. To ensure your safety during the monitoring period, stay hydrated with water instead. Always consult your healthcare provider about your lifestyle habits during treatment.
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate is classified as FDA Pregnancy Category C, meaning its safety in humans has not been fully established and animal studies have shown potential risks to the fetus. Gold salts are known to cross the placenta and can potentially interfere with the development of the baby's kidneys and bones. Therefore, it is typically only used during pregnancy if the mother's condition, such as a life-threatening venom allergy, makes the treatment absolutely necessary. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, you must have a detailed discussion with your allergist about the risks and benefits. Alternative diagnostic methods may be preferred during this time.
The timeline for Sodium Tetrachloroaurate depends on what it is being used for. Its effects on the heart and lungs (adrenergic effects) are very fast, beginning within 5 to 15 minutes of an injection. However, if you are using it for allergy desensitization (immunotherapy), it takes much longer to see results. Most patients require a 'build-up phase' of 3 to 6 months of weekly injections before their immune system begins to tolerate the allergen. Full protection against allergic reactions may not be achieved for 12 months or more of consistent treatment.
While Sodium Tetrachloroaurate does not cause a physical 'withdrawal' like some medications, stopping it suddenly during an immunotherapy course can have consequences. If you stop the injections before the maintenance phase is complete, your immune system will likely revert to its allergic state, leaving you unprotected against the allergen. If you need to stop the medication due to side effects, like kidney issues or a skin rash, your doctor will have you stop immediately and will not restart it. Never stop or change your injection schedule without first consulting your medical team.
If you miss a scheduled injection for your allergy immunotherapy, contact your doctor's office as soon as possible. Missing a dose can affect the safety of your next injection because your body's tolerance level may have dropped. Depending on how long it has been since your last dose, your doctor may need to repeat the previous dose or even reduce the dose to prevent a reaction. Do not try to 'double up' on doses to make up for a missed one. Consistency is key to the success and safety of this treatment.
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate does not typically cause weight gain as a direct side effect. However, if you notice sudden swelling in your legs, ankles, or face, or a rapid increase in weight over a few days, this could be a sign of a serious kidney problem called nephrotic syndrome. This condition causes the body to retain fluid and is a known rare side effect of gold-based medications. If you experience this type of 'fluid weight gain,' you must seek medical attention immediately. Regular monitoring of your kidney function will help your doctor detect this early.
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate has several significant interactions, particularly with blood pressure medications and other gold-based drugs. For example, taking it with beta-blockers can be dangerous because it can lead to very high blood pressure and make emergency treatments for allergic reactions less effective. It also shouldn't be combined with other gold salts due to the risk of heavy metal poisoning. Always provide your doctor with a complete list of everything you take, including vitamins, herbal supplements like St. John's Wort, and over-the-counter medicines.
Sodium Tetrachloroaurate is a specialized chemical compound and is generally not sold as a 'generic' in the way common tablets like ibuprofen are. It is produced by specific pharmaceutical laboratories that specialize in allergenic extracts and diagnostic reagents. Because the manufacturing process for standardized extracts is strictly regulated by the FDA to ensure potency and purity, you will usually receive it under a specific brand name or as a standardized laboratory-prepared solution. Your insurance coverage may vary depending on whether it is billed as a diagnostic test or a therapeutic treatment.
Other drugs with the same active ingredient (Sodium Tetrachloroaurate)